Information about the research work carried out at the National Research University "TIIAME" and the application of water-saving technologies

The National Research University " TIIAME " has defined as its main goal the solution of the problem of water scarcity in our country and the search for ways to solve it.

Currently, the following research work is being carried out at the university on the basis of international and republican research grants.

Research results (fundamental, practical and innovative grants) and within the framework of the state scientific and technical program.

Practical project of the Ministry of Innovative Development of the Republic of Uzbekistan.

project No. IZ-2020052525 on the topic “Development of Smart Technology”, “Field Irrigation Equipment-Irrigation System” based on automated digital technologies in the irrigated areas of the Syrdarya region, where a natural disaster occurred.

Head: Professor B.Sh. Matyakubov - 35.0 million uzbek. sum.

The goal of the project is to develop an automated digital system "Field irrigation equipment - irrigation network" based on Smart technology in irrigated fields.

According to the project, the following tasks are defined.

1.   Digitization of modules of advanced technologies for drip and surface irrigation on selected contours of the experimental field;

2.   Development of the theory and practice of crop care (irrigation, fertilization) based on Smart technology and its implementation;

3.   Determining the order of irrigation of agricultural crops with water-saving irrigation technologies;

4.   Determine the impact of Smart technology on the use of irrigation and reclamation networks, on the water-physical properties of the soil on irrigated lands, on the growth, development and productivity of crops;

5.   Determination of the economic efficiency of resource-saving irrigation technologies.

6.   Development of scientific and practical recommendations for cotton clusters and farms on agro-improvement activities.

Results obtained and achieved:

1. The genetic composition of the soil of the experimental field was determined (to a depth of seepage water).

2. The mechanical composition of the soil was determined (by genetic layers up to seepage waters).

3. The volumetric weight of the soil was determined.

4. The permeability of the soil was determined.

5. The limiting field moisture capacity of the soil has been determined.

6. Soil moisture was constantly monitored.

7. On the experimental field, a method of drip irrigation of cotton was determined.

8. Top dressing of cotton and other agrotechnical measures are carried out according to the accepted technology.

9. Selected experiments will be digitized with advanced drip and surface irrigation technology modules in the field contour.

10. The theory and practice of cotton care (watering, fertilization) based on Smart technology will be developed and implemented.

11. The method of watering cotton with water-saving irrigation technologies has been determined.

12. The influence of smart technologies on the use of irrigation and reclamation networks, on the water-physical properties of the soil on irrigated lands, on the growth, development and productivity of crops has been determined.

13. In the implementation of the grant project "Field irrigation equipment-irrigation system" based on automated digital technologies on irrigated lands of the Syrdarya region, where a natural disaster occurred, the Intellectual Property Agency of the Republic of Uzbekistan "Smart Irrigation Technology" Forecast of cotton yield by application "ECM Program developed and implemented in the educational process. 

       Fundamental project No. FZ-20200929192 on the topic "Assessment and forecast of the impact of global climate change on the reclamation of irrigated lands for the purpose of rational use of water resources and the development of methods for creating electronic maps of hydromodular zoning of irrigated lands using the GAT technology" .

Project manager: c/hfd, prof. MHKhamidov

Project duration: 2021-2025

Total project cost: 3.2 billion soums.

Project allocation for 2022: 800 mln sum.

Relevance: In the world, global climate change is becoming a factor that can have a significant impact on all spheres of human activity. It has a negative impact on the environment in many regions of the planet, on the life and health of the population in various sectors of the economy. The impact of climate change on agriculture is particularly large, as agriculture is one of the most weather-dependent sectors of the economy. In this regard, the analysis of changes in agro-climatic resources is of particular importance in order to obtain high yields of agricultural crops. In this regard, one of the important tasks is to analyze the dynamics of meteorological parameters that determine agro-climatic resources based on modern methods, predict meteorological indicators based on models, improve methods for developing forecasts of crop yields in a particular climatic zone based on GAT maps and models.

Hydromodule zoning of irrigated lands, irrigation regimes for major agricultural crops were developed by N. F. Bespalov and others and are used in drawing up plans for use.

During the years of independence, the system of water use in our republic has changed radically. Earlier, in September, the water intake from the rivers was stopped, and before the start of salt washing, the network of canals and ditches was checked, and repair and restoration measures were taken. Today, as a result of the cotton-winter crop rotation system, irrigation networks operate continuously throughout the year. The load on the collector-zor networks has increased greatly. They, in turn, affect the process of soil formation, increasing the area of hydromorphic soils. Therefore, it is necessary to make changes to the hydromodule zoning of irrigated lands developed in the 1980s, to distribute irrigated lands among hydromodule regions, and it is important to determine the main crops (cotton and autumn) for each hydromodule region (wheat) scientifically on the basis of irrigation procedures.

To date, there are no maps clearly delineating the boundaries of hydromodule areas. Within the framework of this project, for the first time, using modern GAT technology, methods will be developed for creating electronic maps of hydromodular zoning of irrigated lands in our Republic, and electronic maps will be created by regions. On the basis of information from land reclamation expeditions, it will be possible to make prompt changes to these maps and make adjustments to the crop irrigation regime.

The Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. PF-6024 “On Approval of the Concept for the Development of the Water Resources of the Republic of Uzbekistan for 2020-2030” states that “information in assessing and monitoring the ameliorative state of irrigated lands” the widespread use of communication technologies, geographic information systems, Earth remote sensing technologies and unmanned aerial vehicles.

From this point of view, methods for assessing the impact of global climate change on the reclamation of irrigated lands and methods for creating electronic maps of hydromodular zoning of irrigated lands based on HAT technology, as well as scientifically based irrigation, are used in our republic. processing crops using the modern computer program "AquaCrop" Research work aimed at solving development issues is considered relevant in the conditions of climate change and water shortage observed in our Republic.

Responsibilities:

1. Analysis of the level of climate change, assessment of the impact of climate change on land reclamation.
2. Forecast of ameliorative indicators
3. GAT technologies using , water is collected land hydromodule zoning electron cards compose technologies Job departure , republican regions In chapter irrigated land hydromodule zoning electron cards make up _
4. Every _ hydro module by regions _ modern computer technologies based on FAO methodology - CROPWAT program in accordance with basic village economy harvest another soil-climatic conditions scientific based irrigation arrangement ( watering quantity , conditions And standards ) . Job exit _

Results:

Results:

1. The degree of climate change was analyzed according to meteorological indicators of the Khorezm region and the Republic of Karakalpakstan.
2. Methods for analyzing the impact of changes in natural and climatic conditions on the ameliorative state of irrigated lands have been improved.
3. The level of water use in the Khorezm region and the Republic of Karakalpakstan was determined by modeling evapotranspiration.
4. Calculation and calibration of the mode and norms of irrigation of agricultural crops are developed taking into account the results of many years of experience and field research in the republic.
5. Taking into account the natural and climatic conditions of the Khorezm region and the Republic of Karakalpakstan, a procedure for irrigating crops in hydromodule areas was developed based on the FAO international methodology through the SropWat computer program.
6. According to the FAO methods and generally accepted empirical formulas, schemes and norms of irrigation of agricultural crops were calculated, correlation coefficients were determined.
7. The daily water demand of agricultural crops has been developed depending on changes in the natural and climatic conditions of the Khorezm region and the Republic of Karakalpakstan.
8. A methodology has been developed for determining the amount of irrigated land using satellite images;
9. the system for determining the exact coordinates of monitoring wells located on irrigated lands has been improved using modern GNSS receivers;
10. Electronic digital maps of groundwater distribution on irrigated lands were developed using the ArcGIS program based on data obtained by reclamation monitoring of wells;
11. A methodology for the development of electronic digital maps of the mechanical composition of soils of irrigated lands has been created;
12. An algorithm for hydromodular zoning of irrigated lands has been developed using the "Raster Calculator" function of the ArcGIS program.

Expected results:

A forecast has been developed for changes in the level and mineralization of seepage waters, soil salinization and productivity of the main crops on irrigated lands of the republic for the nearest (2030), medium (2050) and long-term (2100) periods.

Methods for analyzing the impact of global climate change on reclamation will be improved, cotton yield forecasts will be modeled based on experimental studies and MODIS radiometric data, and long-term indicators of the reclamation state will be developed, taking into account climate variability and anthropogenic factors. an operational cartographic method based on the remote and geospatial principles of long-term forecasting and land reclamation methods will be created.

With the use of modern digital technology of the SAT, the technology for creating electronic maps of hydromodule zoning of irrigated lands will be developed, and electronic maps of hydromodule zoning of irrigated lands will be created in the regions of the republic.

In each hydromodule region, scientifically based irrigation regimes (quantity, duration and irrigation rates) of major agricultural crops in various soil and climatic conditions are developed according to the FAO methodology - the CROPWAT program.

Photos from the project:

In the diagram below, you can see the change in areas with different levels of salinity over the years in the Khorezm region

Figure 1.5. Change of saline irrigated lands in Khorezm region by years.

In the diagram below, you can see the change in areas with different levels of salinity over the years in the Republic of Karakalpakstan ( Figure 1.6).

Figure 1.6. Changes in saline irrigated lands in the Republic of Karakalpakstan.

Entering coordinate values by geographic location of wells for monitoring the existing groundwater level into the geodatabase and visualizing them in electronic form

Compilation of maps of hydromodule zoning in electronic form in the geodatabase of the Republic of Karakalpakstan and the Khorezm region

Irrigation rates according to the CropWat program

Economic agreement on topic 9-B- " Development of technology to reduce the formation of collector waters in the Khorezm region."

Head: Professor B.Sh. Matyakubov - 23.75 million uzbek. sum.

The implementation period is until March 31, 2022, R&D has been completed.

The purpose of the project is rational use of water resources, prevention of secondary salinization of irrigated lands, improvement of technologies for reducing water discharge from irrigation networks and water generated in collector-water networks.

1. Selection of an experimental field along the Darelik (Ozerny) collector.

2. Application of water-saving irrigation technology for field irrigation of crops.

3. Determination of the water-physical parameters of the soil in the selected field.

4. Collection and analysis of agrotechnical measures in 2021 on the selected experimental field.

5. Determine the necessary tools and equipment to equip the experimental field for scientific research in 2022.

6. Equipping the experimental field with the necessary equipment.

Experimental fields related to the Daryalyk (Ozerny) collector were selected .

2. When choosing an experimental field, the use of water-saving technology for irrigating crops was taken into account (a drip irrigation field was taken).

3. The water-physical parameters of the soil in the selected field were determined.

4. Collected and analyzed the completed agrotechnical activities in 2021 on the selected experimental field.

5. The linear scheme of the collector is formed in accordance with the experimental fields.

6. In 2022, the necessary tools and equipment for pilot field equipment for research work were identified.

7. Work continues to equip the experimental field with the necessary equipment (to be carried out during the 2022 season).

4. Economic agreement No. 35614-2022 on the topic "Development of technology to reduce the formation of collector waters in the Khorezm region" .

Head: Professor B.Sh. Matyakubov - 375 million uzbek. sum.

The implementation period is until March 31, 2023, R&D has been completed.

The aim of the project is to determine the productivity of water through the efficient use of available water resources, improve technologies for reducing the discharge of water from irrigation networks and water generated in collector-drainage networks, and the use of water-saving technologies.

According to the project, the following tasks are defined:

1. Conducting scientific observations and field experiments on the experimental field of the Darelik (Ozerny) collector.

2. Obtaining the results of water-saving irrigation technology in the field of crop irrigation and organization of work based on the established methodology.

3. Determination of the water-physical parameters of the soil on the experimental field at the beginning and end of the growing season.

analysis of agrotechnical measures in 2022 on the experimental field.

Expected effect:

In the conditions of saline soils of the Khorezm region of different mechanical composition, the introduction of the method of drip irrigation of the cotton variety Khorezm-127 and elements of irrigation technology creates the possibility of saving river water by 3-12%, the ameliorative state does not worsen, which makes it possible to obtain 3-12 times higher and quality cotton yields compared with control.

Drip irrigation system on the experimental field.

Object of study: Research work on the topic was carried out at the TIIAME Educational and Scientific Center, located in the Orta district of the Chirchik region, which has been irrigated since ancient times.

2. " Development of recommendations for the study and application of the effectiveness of the sprinkling method." Scientific adviser tel., professor Begmatov I.A. ( intermediate stage) . All teachers of the department are actively involved in scientific research on these topics .

Object of study: Scientific research on the topic was carried out in farms located in the regions of the region, irrigated since ancient times.

Research objectives:

For example, sensors installed at control points are adapted to detect basic systems of soil properties. Sensors provide preliminary information about natural diversity (relief, soil type, illumination, weather, number of weeds and pests), diseased plants, and productivity. Sensors and sensors help not only to grow crops, but also to maintain a full-fledged crop. All this provides a competent approach to caring for plants.

The scientific novelty of the research is as follows:

The use of sensors in agriculture is an important step in creating a smart farm. From a distance of tens of square kilometers, they can transmit via radio channels continuous information about the state of controlled objects - mainly about the level of soil moisture, temperature, plant health, fuel supply and other important parameters.

Expected results: Development of recommendations on the use of digital technologies in the irrigation of crops.

Business contracts are drawn up in cooperation with enterprises and organizations belonging to the relevant sectors of the economy.

Decree of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. PQ 4801 dated August 11, 2020 , Begmatov I.A., professor, teacher of the IvaM department, also carries out contract work for repair and restoration work in the Syrdarya and Jizzakh regions in 2022.

Abroad _ grants according to _ made things _

The results of research work carried out within the framework of international grants.

European Community Program Erasmus+ICM

• Familiarization with dissertations completed by doctoral students in accordance with the requirements of prestigious universities in developed countries;
• Studying the conditions and requirements for the publication of articles in peer-reviewed international scientific journals and publishing scientific articles together with colleagues;
• Participation in scientific seminars;
• Studying the features of the development of a research strategy and participation in them;
• Familiarity with research methods widely used in the study of institutional aspects of water management in Europe;
• Professional development of professors and teachers;
• Work on documents and project proposals, which are the basis for future scientific cooperation;
• Undergraduate, graduate and doctoral studies for young people in leading foreign universities.
• The results of research work carried out within the framework of international grants.
• Funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG) GZ: HA 8522/2-1 "WEFUz Project - Assessing Sustainability of Water-Energy and Food Security in Irrigated Agriculture: Examples of Rivers in Uzbekistan" Linking Energy and Food for Irrigated Agriculture: Examples from River Basins of Uzbekistan) science project.
• The project will be implemented over a three-year period in collaboration with the Leibniz Center for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF) and the Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization Engineers (TIIAME).
• project: 08.2019-0 1.202 3
• Project financing: 308,950 euros
• The goal of the project is to better understand the Water-Energy-Food (WEF) relationship and identify options for its sustainable management in the context of irrigated agriculture in the river basins of Uzbekistan. In particular, these studies develop a metric to assess the sustainability of WEF communications management scenarios prior to joint participation. A two-tier approach is used for trade-off analysis: water supply with water for energy production and water for food production (tier 1) and long-term food production with water for immediate food production. soil fertility and avoiding salinity degradation (Tier 2).
• Project objectives:
• The specific activities of the project are organized into four work programs:
• (1) By analyzing 28 river basins in terms of hydrological, socio-economic and agrotechnical parameters, three river basins were selected for in-depth thematic study and research;
• contextual analysis of river basins, including analysis of satellite images, analysis of documents and stakeholder consultations, to identify constraints and indicators for sustainable WEF communication management;
• (3) develop scenarios and assess the impact of participation on alternatives for managing WEF communications;
• (4) synthesizing and validating the assessment results and identifying indicators and determinants for sustainable WEF communication management from a technological and institutional perspective.
• Expected Results: This research project aims to develop a scientific approach to WEF trade-offs for sustainability by integrating a range of theoretical concepts (eg collective action, multi-center management, mental models). The proposed study is aimed at addressing issues related to cross-sectoral coordination in the field of WEF communications management and sustainable development. Uzbekistan has agreed to meet the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by 2030 and ensure the sustainable use of its natural resources. Thus, this project is aimed at implementing an integrated approach to the scientific analysis of the country's previous development in the environmental, economic and social aspects of WEF communications management.

• As part of the project, on December 14, 2022, at the Center for Agricultural Research. Leibniz (ZALF), located in Munichberg, Germany, TIIIME NRU, Smart InnoTech LLC, members of the delegation consisting of professors and researchers visited Uzbekistan and a round table on the final report of the WEF UZ project, which started in 2019, was held between professors and researchers at the Humboldt University in Berlin and the Center for Agricultural Research. Leibniz.

The results have been achieved on the basis of international cooperation and scientific relations with foreign countries.

The results of research work carried out within the framework of international grants.